THE TRANSITION FROM CONVENTIONAL TO INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS TO ENHANCE PARTICIPATION AND UNDERSTANDING AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Abstract

The transformation of teaching methods from conventional to interactive has become a critical issue in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools, particularly in the context of 21st-century learning demands and the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This study aims to analyze the process of transforming teaching methods and their impact on student participation and understanding. The study employed a qualitative case study design at SD NU Sekaran, involving the principal, teachers, students, and educational staff as informants. Data collection techniques included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with data analysis conducted through reduction, presentation, and drawing of conclusions. The results indicate that instruction is still dominated by conventional methods; however, the implementation of interactive methods—such as group discussions and visual media—significantly enhances student engagement and understanding. Supporting factors include a conducive school environment and the principal's support, while barriers include limited facilities and teachers’ readiness. Thus, interactive learning has been shown to have great potential for improving the quality of the learning process and outcomes, and therefore needs to be developed systematically and sustainably.